Sectional Doors: Structure, Components, and Functionality
Sectional doors derive their name from the English term “sectional door,” emphasizing their segmented panel structure. These doors consist of multiple panels, each acting as an individual section, allowing smooth vertical movement.
The system operates using torsion springs, which counterbalance the weight of the moving parts, while rollers and tracks enable seamless sliding. The structure consists of several key components:
- Panels
- Rails (Track System)
- Torsion Springs
- Accessories (Automation, seals, personnel doors, etc.)
Let’s delve into these components in detail.
Panels
The primary material of sectional doors is a double-layered steel sheet filled with polyurethane insulation. The standard sheet thickness is 0.5 mm, with the outer surface often featuring a woodgrain texture, while the inner surface has an embossed pattern. The sheets are coated with polyester electrostatic paint and protected with a 17 µm stretch film.
For optimal insulation, the polyurethane density should be 40-45 kg/m³. Each panel is reinforced with bottom and top aluminum extrusions, designed to support EPDM sealing gaskets that provide airtight protection and structural durability.
Track System (Rails)
The track system determines the functionality and durability of sectional doors. These tracks are custom-formed profiles, typically made from S280 structural steel, ensuring maximum strength.
- Thickness Variations: Standard tracks are 2 mm thick and 2 inches wide, but for high-wind regions, 3-inch wide, 2.5 mm thick tracks are recommended.
- Joining Techniques: Manufacturers use different assembly methods, including screw fastening, spot welding, or riv-clinch techniques, depending on production preferences.
Torsion Springs
Torsion springs balance the door’s weight, ensuring smooth and controlled movement. The correct calculation of torsion springs is crucial, as improper design can cause uncontrolled acceleration or sudden drops.
- Spring Types: Differentiated by inner diameter, wire thickness, and coil direction (left or right).
- Coating Options:
- Powder-coated and sandblasted springs offer 5,000-7,000 cycles more durability than untreated versions, while also enhancing corrosion resistance and aesthetics.
Accessories & Automation
A sectional door’s efficiency relies on high-quality accessories and automation systems. The most commonly used motor brands include:
- Domestic Brands: FORCE Motor (Turkey)
- Imported Brands: NICE, BFT, GFA, MFZ Ovitor
Motors operate on either 220V (non-reducer) or 380V (with reducer), depending on the door’s size and application. Additional automation options include photo sensors, pneumatic systems, and radar detectors.
Types of Sectional Doors 2025
Why Choose Sectional Door Systems?
Sectional doors are custom-engineered to fit various architectural designs, ensuring seamless installation and performance. Their durability, insulation efficiency, and advanced automation make them ideal for:
- Industrial facilities
- Warehouses
- Residential garages
To maximize longevity, key components like panels and springs must meet industry standards. For instance, reinforced panels prevent wind damage, while properly coated springs ensure long-term functionality.
The average lifespan for sectional door systems:
- Industrial doors: 20,000 cycles
- Garage doors: 15,000 cycles
As a result;
Manufacturing sectional doors requires extensive expertise, technical precision, and high-quality materials. Since each order is custom-made, the process demands meticulous craftsmanship and engineering.
For the best results, investing in premium panels, robust tracks, and durable torsion springs ensures optimal performance, safety, and longevity.
